[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.peril.cz\/k-cemu-se-vyuziva-elektrolyza-vody\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.peril.cz\/k-cemu-se-vyuziva-elektrolyza-vody\/","headline":"K \u010demu se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 elektrol\u00fdza vody","name":"K \u010demu se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 elektrol\u00fdza vody","description":"Voda je nejen \u017eivotod\u00e1rn\u00e1 tekutina, ale i m\u00e9dium, kter\u00e9 slu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdmi kyselinami a solemi vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9 roztoky, jejich\u017e vlastnost\u00ed.","datePublished":"2025-03-01","dateModified":"2023-04-29","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.peril.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.peril.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16435f0a6c9262449b9ebb39f63178cd65c54b09f931b6f84682f48086e3d763?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/16435f0a6c9262449b9ebb39f63178cd65c54b09f931b6f84682f48086e3d763?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"peril.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.peril.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a327108_w1946_t1539375249.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.peril.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a327108_w1946_t1539375249.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.peril.cz\/k-cemu-se-vyuziva-elektrolyza-vody\/","wordCount":408,"articleBody":"Voda je nejen \u017eivotod\u00e1rn\u00e1 tekutina, ale i m\u00e9dium, kter\u00e9 slu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm s\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdmi kyselinami a solemi vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9 roztoky, jejich\u017e vlastnost\u00ed se pak m\u016f\u017ee vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u00a0praxi pomoc\u00ed p\u016fsoben\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho proudu.\tGalvanick\u00e9 pokovov\u00e1n\u00edStroj\u00edrensk\u00e1 v\u00fdroba je fantastick\u00fd technick\u00fd obor. V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice jej studuj\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok stovky mlad\u00fdch lid\u00ed a nutno podotknout, \u017ee stroja\u0159ina spolu s\u00a0obory elektrotechniky, chemicko-technologick\u00fdch proces\u016f a znalosti IT pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0nejobt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. Sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed studia a posl\u00e9ze i zaveden\u00e9 praxe je galvanick\u00e9 pokovov\u00e1n\u00ed. Jde o nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed velmi tenk\u00e9 kovov\u00e9 vrstvy na jin\u00e9 kovov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly z\u00a0d\u016fvodu zabezpe\u010den\u00ed proti korozi. Nej\u010dast\u011bji to b\u00fdv\u00e1 vrstva kadmia a m\u011bdi. U pom\u011b\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 chemick\u00fd roztok CuSO4 \u2013 s\u00edranu m\u011b\u010fnat\u00e9ho ve vod\u011b, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e je kladnou elektrodou m\u011bd\u011bn\u00fd vodi\u010d a z\u00e1pornou elektrodu vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed samotn\u00fd pokovovan\u00fd p\u0159edm\u011bt. Pomoc\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho proudu doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0rozkladu na kationty m\u011bdi a anionty s\u00edranu SO4. A jeliko\u017e jsou pr\u00e1v\u011b kationty p\u0159itahov\u00e1ny k\u00a0z\u00e1porn\u00e9 elektrod\u011b, tedy k\u00a0pokovovan\u00e9mu v\u00fdrobku, na jeho povrchu se usazuje postupn\u011b m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e1 vrstvi\u010dka.\tV\u00fdroba kysl\u00edku a vod\u00edkuV\u00a0principu se jedn\u00e1 o tut\u00e9\u017e technickou z\u00e1le\u017eitost, op\u011bt jsou do k\u00e1d\u011b s\u00a0tekutinou vlo\u017eeny dv\u011b elektrody a elektrick\u00fd proud rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 roztok na jednotliv\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice. Tentokr\u00e1t se v\u00a0l\u00e1zni nach\u00e1z\u00ed roztok H2SO4, tedy kyseliny s\u00edrov\u00e9 ve vod\u011b. Elektrody jsou vyrobeny z\u00a0platiny, kter\u00e1 je v\u016f\u010di agresivn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed nete\u010dn\u00e1. Elektrol\u00fdzou se uvol\u0148uj\u00ed kysl\u00edkov\u00e9 molekuly O2 u kladn\u00e9 elektrody a u z\u00e1porn\u00e9 se z\u00a0roztoku vylu\u010duje vod\u00edk. A \u010dist\u00fd vod\u00edk a kysl\u00edk se pak j\u00edm\u00e1 pro technick\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely do tlakov\u00fdch lahv\u00ed bu\u010f ke sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo do d\u00fdchac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f v\u00a0nemocnic\u00edch apod.\tElektrolytick\u00e1 o\u010dista baz\u00e9nov\u00e9 vodyOp\u011bt stejn\u00fd princip, tentokr\u00e1t jde o vodu s\u00a0p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9 soli. S\u016fl je z\u00a0chemick\u00e9ho hlediska chlorid sodn\u00fd, na elektrod\u00e1ch se soln\u00fd roztok rozkl\u00e1d\u00e1 na ionty chl\u00f3ru a sod\u00edku a chl\u00f3r v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zaji\u0161\u0165uje desinfek\u010dn\u00ed proces, kdy v\u00a0baz\u00e9nu likviduje ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed patogeny.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"K \u010demu se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 elektrol\u00fdza vody","item":"https:\/\/www.peril.cz\/k-cemu-se-vyuziva-elektrolyza-vody\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]